I whanau te kaiwaiata Arthur (Art) Garfunkel i te Noema 5, 1941 i Forest Hills, New York ki a Rose raua ko Jack Garfunkel. I te mohiotanga ki te ngakau nui o tana tama ki te waiata, ka hokona e Jack, he kaihoko haere, i a Garfunkel he ripene rekoata.
Ahakoa e wha noa ona tau, ka noho a Garfunkel mo nga haora me te ripene rekoata; ka waiata, ka whakarongo, ka whakatangihia tona reo, katahi ka hopukina ano. "Na te mea i kaha ake ahau ki te mahi puoro. Ko te waiata, me te kaha ki te rekoata, he mea whakamiharo, "ka mahara ia.
I te Kura Kaupapa Maori o Forest Hills, i mohiotia te rangatahi a Art Garfunkel mo te waiata waiata i roto i nga huarahi kau me te mahi whakaari. I te karaehe 6, i uru ia ki te takaro a te kura "Alice in Wonderland" me te hoa o Paul Simon.
I mohio a Simon ki a Garfunkel hei kaiwaiata i nga wa katoa e karapotia ana e nga kotiro. I noho motuhake raua ki Kuini, engari no te rongonga o Simon i a Garfunkel e waiata ana ka hono o raua haerenga. Kaore i roa ka timata te tokorua ki te waiata i nga whakaaturanga taranata o te kura me te whakaharatau i o raatau pukenga ia po i te papa o raro.
I a ratau tau kura tuarua, ko nga toa Grammy a muri ake nei ko Tom Landis raua ko Jerry Graf, i te mataku kei te tangihia o ratau ingoa pono he Hurai, ka kore e angitu.
I mahia e ratou te waiata taketake a Simon me te kohi moni ki te hanga i ta ratou rekoata ngaio tuatahi. Ko ta ratou waiata a Hey Schoolgirl i awehia e Everly Brothers, a, i te tau 1957 i whakawhiwhia e ia he kirimana rekoata me Big Records.
He maha nga manuhiri ki te Whare Brill, e tuku ana i a raatau ratonga hei kaitoi demo ki nga kaitito waiata. Ko ta ratou toa kotahi i eke ki runga i te tuunga roopu a American Dick Clark, i muri tonu mai i a Jerry Lee Lewis.
Whai muri i tera, ka mutu ta raatau mahi puoro, ka tiimata te awangawanga kua eke ki te taumata o te 16 tau.
Haimona raua ko Garfunkel
I te mutunga o te kura tuarua, ka whakatau a Simon raua ko Garfunkel ki te wehe i o raua huarahi ka haere ki te koroni. I noho a Garfunkel ki tana taone me te haere ki te Whare Wananga o Columbia, i ako ia i nga hitori toi me te uru atu ki tetahi roopu.
Nō muri ka whiwhi ia i te tohu paerua mō te pāngarau. I te haere tonu o ana mahi matauranga puta noa i ana mahi, kaore a Garfunkel i mutu i te waiata i a ia i te kaareti, i tukuna e ia etahi riipene takitahi i raro i te ingoa ko Artie Garr.
Ano ano, na nga taranata whakarara me nga hiahia i whakakotahi a Paul Simon raua ko Art Garfunkel. I te tau 1962, ka hui ano a Tom raua ko Jerry o mua hei tokorua hou, he tangata whai mana. Kua kore ratou e maaharahara kei pohehe ratou ka timata ratou ki te whakamahi i o ratou ingoa tuturu Simon & Garfunkel.
I te mutunga o te tau 1964 ka tukuna e ratou te pukaemi studio Wednesday Morning, 3 AM Commercially, kahore he mea nui, ka haere a Haimona ki Ingarangi, ka whakatau te tokorua nei ki te wehe ngaio.
Ko Tom Wilson te kaiwhakaputa i te waiata The Sounds of Silence mai i tenei pukaemi ka tukuna. I etahi ra i muri mai, ka eke ia ki te tuunga tuatahi i runga i nga raarangi papaarangi. I hoki mai a Simon ki Kuini i reira ka hui ano te tokorua nei, ka whakatau ki te rekoata me te mahi waiata tahi.
I tukuna e Simon & Garfunkel tetahi atu pukaemi rongonui, katahi ano tetahi, katahi ano ka eke ki tetahi rekoata, ka eke ia rekoata ki te taumata hou.
I puta te angitu nui me te arumoni, ka piki ake i ia tukunga: Sounds of Silence (1966), Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme (1966) me Bookends (1968). I a raua e mahi ana i runga Bookends, ka tono te kaiwhakahaere a Mike Nichols ki a raua ki te koha waiata ki te riipene oro mo The Graduate (1967).
Hei waahanga o te kiriata taketake e pa ana ki te wehe me te rite, i whakakaha te tokorua i to raatau ingoa. Ko ta ratou waiata a Mrs. I eke a Robinson ki te ingoa tuatahi, i puta i runga i te riipene puoro The Graduate me te pukaemi Bookends.
He tau i muri mai, ka whakahaerehia e Nichols te Catch-22 me te tuku i a Garfunkel te mahi. Na tenei i whakaroa te whakaputanga o ta raatau pukaemi e whai ake nei, a ka tiimata te " rui i nga kakano" mo to ratau wehenga a meake nei. I neke raua ki nga huarahi auaha hou.
I te tau 1970 i tukuna e ratou ta ratou pukaemi tino angitu, Bridge Over Troubled Water, i hopukina ma te whakamahi i nga tikanga hou o te taiwhanga whare, me te awehia e te tini o nga momo puoro.
Ko te pukaemi i tino pai ki te arumoni me te wikitoria e ono nga Tohu Grammy tae atu ki te Pukaemi o te Tau, Waiata o te Tau me te Rekoata o te Tau mo te taitara waiata.
Ko ta ratou pukaemi studio whakamutunga tenei. I te tuatahi i whakaaro raua kia hoki tahi i muri i te okiokinga, engari i muri i te wehe mo tetahi wa poto, ko te haere tonu o a raatau mahi auaha ka ahua pai ake. Kua kore a Simon & Garfunkel.
E rua tau i muri mai i to raua wehenga, ka tukuna a Simon & Garfunkel's Best Hits, ka noho ki runga i nga mahere o Amerika mo te 131 wiki.
Mahi takitahi: Katoa e mohio ana ahau, he kanohi anake mo koe me etahi atu
I wehe a Paul Simon raua ko Art Garfunkel i te tau 1970, engari i piri tonu raua ki a raua ano me te taha ngaio.
Ka hoki mai ano ki o hoa me o hoa mahi, he maha nga wa i hui tahi ai raua i roto i a raua mahi karekau e taea te mahi tahi i waho o nga kaupapa mo te wa poto.
I roto i nga tau, ka maumahara a Garfunkel i to raua wa e noho tahi ana: "Kei te koa tonu ahau ki te korero iti mo te tokorua. E whakahīhī ana ahau ki te waiata i ēnei waiata whakamiharo. Inaianei kei te waiatatia nga waiata a Paul Simon i roto i nga whare karakia me nga kura hei waahanga o te marautanga..."
I tenei wa, i whakapau kaha ia ki tana mahi takitahi. Ko tana pukaemi tuatahi ko Angel Clare (1973) i pa ki a All I know i tuhia e Jimmy Webb, na Simon & Garfunkel Roy Haley i tuhi. (I whai oranga hou te waiata nei i te tau 2005 i te wa e whakaatuhia ana i runga i te Rima Mo Te Whawhai i runga i te riipene tangi a te Chicken Little.)
Ko tana pukaemi e whai ake nei, ko Breakway (1975), i pa mai ano ki a ia, he putanga uhi o te puoro puoro I Only Have Eyes for You. I whakaatu te pukaemi i nga manuhiri mai i a David Crosby, Graham Nash me Stephen Bishop, tae atu ki te waiata hou tuatahi a Simon raua ko Garfunkel i roto i nga tau e rima, ko My Little Town, i puta ano i runga i te pukaemi takitahi a Simon, Still Crazy After All These Years.
Me tana pukaemi e whai ake nei, Watermark (1977), i aro a Garfunkel ki te mahi tahi me tetahi kaitito waiata. I tuhia e Jimmy Webb nga waiata katoa engari kotahi anake: he uhi o te waiata rongonui a Sam Cooke What A Wonderful World na Garfunkel, Simon me James Taylor, i eke ki te nama 17 i runga i nga tutohi.
I whiwhi ano te kaiwaiata i tetahi whiu mai i a Watermark with Bright eyes, koinei te waiata kaupapa pouri, ataahua mo te urutaunga kiriata a Richard Adams mo Watership Down.
Ko tana pukaemi Scissors Cut (1981) he tino angitu engari he "flop" arumoni. He tau i muri mai, ka takaro tahi a Simon raua ko Garfunkel i tetahi konohete ki Central Park, ka pakaru nga rekoata katoa, ka kohia te hunga whakarongo e 500.
Na ka haere ratou ki te haerenga ki te ao me te whakaputa i tetahi pukaemi takirua me te HBO motuhake mo ta raatau whakaaturanga i Central Park. Engari kaore i roa te huihuinga. I whakatakahia e raua nga mahere ki te whakaputa korero hou, ka pupuri a Simon i nga waiata mo tana ake kopae waiata takitahi.
Ka hoki ano ki tana mahi takitahi, ka tiimata a Garfunkel ki nga mahi whakaari. He maha nga kiriata i mahi ia i te taha o te kaiwhakahaere a Mike Nichols, tae atu ki te Carnal Knowledge (1971), a ka puta ano ia ki nga raupapa pouaka whakaata, tae atu ki te wahanga "Laverne and Shirley". A, i te tau 1998, i puta ia i runga i te whakaaturanga pouaka whakaata a nga tamariki ko Arthur Like A Singing Moose.
I mahi tonu a Garfunkel i runga i te atamira me te rekoata i nga mea hou. I te tau 1990, i korero ia ki te 1,4 miriona taangata i runga i te tono a te Tari Tari o Amerika i te huihuinga whakatairanga manapori i Sofia, Bulgaria.
I taua tau ano, i whakaurua ano a Simon raua ko Garfunkel ki te Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. E toru tau i muri mai, ka tukuna e ia te pukaemi Up 'Til Now, i uru mai tana duet me James Taylor Crying in the Rain, me te waiata mo te whakaaturanga "Brooklyn Bridge" me "Two Sleepy Men" mai i te kiriata rongonui A Their Own. Riiki.
I te marama o Oketopa, ka takaro raua ko Simon i nga whakaaturanga 21 kua hokona i te Paramount Theatre i New York. I te tau 1997, i hopukina e ia he pukaemi mo nga tamariki na tana tama a James, e whakaatu ana i nga waiata na Cat Stevens, Marvin Gay me John Lennon-Paul McCartney.
I te tau 1998, ka timata tana tito waiata i runga i tana pukaemi Everybody Wanna Be Seen.
I te tau 2003, ka eke ano ia ki te atamira me Simon, ka toa i te Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award me te purei i nga Sounds of Silence.
I haere ano ratou i muri i tera, a, i te tau 2005 i whakaaria e ratou a Bridge over Troubled Water, On the Way Home, me Mrs. Robinson i te konohete painga mo nga patunga o Hurricane Katrina i Madison Square Garden.
I ia tau he pukumahi me te kore e okioki. I nga wa katoa he wa pukumahi me te whakamahere haerenga, engari i te tau 2010 ka tiimata ana ia ki te raru i ona taura reo, ka kitea e te marea. Kei te tino mahara ahau ki te konohete me Simon i te Jazz and Heritage Festival i New Orleans. He uaua ki te waiata i tetahi mea.
He paresis tana taura reo, a ka timata te ngaro o tana awhe o waenga. Tata ki te wha tau te roa ka ora ia. I korerotia e ia tana korero ki te moheni Rolling Stone i te tau 2014 kua 96% tana hokinga mai, engari he iti nei te wa e pai ake ai tona hauora.
I te tau 2016, ko te waiata a Simon raua ko Garfunkel "America" i whakamahia (me ta raatau whakaaetanga) na Bernie Sanders i tana kaupapa kore angitu ki te mau i te whakaingoatanga Manapori mo te perehitini. "E pai ana ahau ki a Bernie," ko ta Garfunkel te korero ki te New York Times. "E aroha ana ahau ki tana whawhai. He pai ki ahau tona mana me tona turanga. He pai ki ahau tenei waiata!"
Whakaatuhia te ahua
I tenei ra, kei te haere tonu a Art Garfunkel ki te rekoata me te mahi i nga kaupapa takitahi, me te mahi tahi me nga tohunga toi pumau penei i a James Taylor me Bruce Springsteen. Kei te haere tonu te kaiwaiata ki nga kiriata.
I te tekau tau atu i 1980, ko tetahi o ana mahi ngahau ko te hikoi tawhiti; i whakawhiti ia i a Hapani me Amerika ma te waewae. I a ia e hīkoi ana, ka timata ia ki te tuhi rotarota, a, i te tau 1989 ka whakaputahia te Wai Tonu.
I te tau 2017, ka taapirihia e ia tetahi atu tuhinga haurongo, What's It All But the Light: Notes from a Underground Man, he ranunga rereke o nga rotarota, rarangi, haerenga, me nga whakaaro huritao mo tana wahine.
I haere tonu a Garfunkel i tana kaingākau ki te hīkoi tawhiti mo nga tau tekau. Inaianei, kua haere ia i roto i te waahi nui o te ao, kei te whakapono tonu ia ehara i te mea ko te mea i tutuki i a ia, engari ko nga mea i whakawhiwhia ki a ia.
Ko te oranga whaiaro o Art Garfunkel
Ahakoa i angitu nga tau 1970, ko nga tau 1980 he wero mo Garfunkel mo te taha ngaio me te tangata. Whai muri i te marenatanga poto ki a Linda Grossman i te timatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1970, e rima tau a Garfunkel i tutaki ki te kaitapere wahine a Laurie Bird.
I te tau 1979, ka whakamomori ia, ka pouri a Garfunkel. Ka mihi ia ki tana hononga poto engari harikoa ki a Penny Marshall mo tana awhina i a ia kia ora mai i te mate, i muri mai ka tukuna e ia tana pouri ki tana kopae 1981 Scissors Cut i whakatapua ki a Byrd.
I te tau 1985, i tutaki ia ki te tauira a Kim Cermak i te huinga o Good To Go. E toru tau i muri mai ka marena te tokorua nei, ka tokorua nga tama.
